Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (JCBS)

Keeping the dynamism in mind, the Journal of Commerce & Business Studies is reflecting its expansion by way of novel academic strides. The Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi publishes it bi-annual "Journal of Commerce & Business Studies" - a refereed reviewed journal with the objective of promoting and disseminating new knowledge and research. The Journal of Commerce & Business Studies bearing ISSN - 2322-0767 addresses a wide range of research areas related to Management, Commerce, Economics, Business, Retailing, Finance, Marketing, Human Resource, Banking, Insurance, Corporate Governance and emerging allied areas of knowledge.

Academicians, professionals and researchers in all parentheses related to commerce and business are therefore, invited to submit their research articles, reviews and case studies for publication in the journal. For publication, the papers will be selected through blind peer review process. Acceptance rate of Journal has been 0.32 so far.

• No publication fee is charged by the Department for publication in the Journal of Commerce & Business Studies

• Authors may submit their manuscripts for possible publication in the Journal using Manuscript Submission Link

UGC CARE Listed Journal (Earlier)

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (July to December 2025) Volume 12, Issue 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to June 2025) Volume 12, Issue 1

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (July to December 2024) Volume 11, Issue 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to June 2024) Volume 11, Issue 1

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (July to December 2023) Volume 10, Issue 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to June 2023) Volume 10, Issue 1

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (July to December 2022) Volume 9, Issue 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to June 2022) Volume 9, Issue 1

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to December 2021) Volume 8, Issue 1 & 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to December 2020) Volume 7, Issue 1 & 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (January to December 2019) Volume 6, Issue 1 & 2

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 5,Issue 1 & 2(January-December,2018)

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 4,Issue 1(January-June,2017)

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 3,Issue 2(July-December,2016)_Full Issue

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 3,Issue 1(January-June,2016)_Full Issue

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 2, Issue 2(July-December,2015)

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 2, Issue 2(July-December,2015)

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 1,Issue 2(July-December,2013)Special Issue

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 1,Issue 2(July-December,2013)

Journal of Commerce & Business Studies, Volume 1,Issue 1(January-June,2013)

The journal is committed to publish a broad spectrum of conceptual, corporate and empirical articles along with case studies and book reviews to add practical value in the key fields of business, management and commerce. By design, Journal of Commerce and Business Studies publishes articles on a variety of topics related to Management, Commerce, Economics, Business, Retailing, Finance, Marketing, Human Resources, Banking, Insurance, Corporate Governance and Emerging Paradigms as allied areas of knowledge contributing to the advancement of business and commerce-related disciplines.

Subject Area Management, Commerce, Economics, Business, Retailing, Finance, Marketing, Human Resources, Banking, Insurance, Corporate Governance

ISSN: 2322-0767

Editor-in-Chief : Prof. V. K. Shrotryia (Orcid Id: 0000-0002-0712-5880)

Senior Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India

Email: dean@commerce.du.ac.in

Editor: Prof. Amit Kumar Singh (Orcid Id: 0000-0002-5701-6500)

Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India

Email: aksingh1@commerce.du.ac.in

Associate Editors

Dr. Pooja Goel  (Orcid Id: 0000-0001-7635-5842)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India
Email: poojagoel@commerce.du.ac.in

Dr. Anil Kumar Goswami (Orcid Id: 0000-0002-2174-1188)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India
Email: anilkgoswami@commerce.du.ac.in

Dr. Sonal Thukral (Orcid Id: 0000-0003-0926-5438)
Associate Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India
Email: sthukral1@commerce.du.ac.in

Assistant Editor

Dr. Rohit Kumar Shrivastav
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India
Email: rohitkumarshrivastav@commerce.du.ac.in

Dr. Kiran Bala
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Commerce and Business, University of Delhi, India
Email: kbala@commerce.du.ac.in  

Editorial Advisory Board

Prof. A. D. Amar, Stillman School of Business, USA

Prof. Dheeraj Sharma, Director, IIM Rohtak

Prof. N.S. Bisht, Kumaun University, Nainital

Prof. R. D. Sharma, Former Vice Chancellor, University of Jammu, Jammu

Prof. R. K. Mishra, Director, IPE, Hyderabad

Prof. Rajesh Kothari, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur

Prof. Rattan Sharma, Former Professor, IIM Lucknow & MDI, Gurgaon

Prof. S. P. Parashar, University of California, USA

Prof. Satyabhusan Dash, IIM, Lucknow

Prof. Staurt Locke, University of Waikato, New Zealand

Prof. Suraksha Gupta, New Castle University, UK

Prof. Yogesh Upadhyay, Jiwaji University, Gwalior

CA Atul Kumar Gupta, Vice President, ICAI

Dr. Bhaskar Chatterjee, DG & CEO, IICA, Gurgaon

Dr. Qingxiu Bu, University of Sussex, UK 

Submission

Soft copy of the manuscript typed in MS Word is to be shared through google form. Link for google form shall be provided in respective call for papers.

The manuscript should be accompanied by:

• A separate cover page containing title of the paper, author's name, designation, official address, contact address, phone/ fax numbers and e-mail address.

• A non-mathematical abstract of about 150 words on the first of the paper. Nowhere in the body of the paper, the name or affiliation of author(s) be written in explicit or implicit form.

• Four to five keywords preferably by JEL classification

Length, Font Style and Font Size

• The recommended length of the article is 5000 words including figures and tables on "8.5 x 11" (A-4) size papers with 1.5 cm margin on all four sides. In case of length of paper increases up to 6000 words a separate justification may be added in a separate document.

• Font Style - Times New Roman, Headings - 14 point font size, Sub-Headings - 12 point font size, Text-12 point font size, spacing between lines- 1.0 line.

• Headings to be set in 'bold' letters and shall not be lettered or numbered. The same pattern should be followed in the entire paper.

Tables and figures

• All tables, charts, and graphs should be in black, not in colour and preferable compressed in excel sheet.

• Tables must be numbered consequently, titled and typed on separate page, with 1.0 inch line spacing, following the reference section. The number and the complexity of the tables and figures exhibited should be as low as possible.

• All figures should be indicated in Indian currency and equivalence in million or billion in bracket.

• The location of the table should be marked within the text. Wherever necessary, the source should be indicated at the bottom.

• Tables and figures should also be annexed (in addition to the main document) towards the end of the document.

Questionnaires & Referees

• Authors using questionnaires should include a copy of the questionnaire along with the manuscript (length of the questionnaire is excluded from the limit prescribed). Authors can also send names of up to five potential referees on a separate sheet. Please mention their area of expertise, designation and full mailing address. The suggested referees should not have been students or teachers of the author at any time. They should also not be co-authors on any work, Proofs may be sent to the authors, if necessary, for correction. They should be carefully scrutinized and sent within two weeks after highlighting the changes incorporated in the text.

References

• References should be placed at the end of the manuscript. The list should mention only those sources cited in the text of the manuscript. Authors are requested to follow APA (6 ed.) style developed by American Psychological Association. For more information in this regard author is requested to refer American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6thed.). Washington, DC: Author. American Psychological Association. (2007). APA style guide to electronic references (PDF). Washington, DC: Author.

In-text references

• The in-text references should include the author's surname, and year of publication, for eg: 'Chapman (1983) has argued... Many questioned the equality of working Japanese women (Sano, 1983). Where an author has more than one publication in the same year, use alphabetical ordering to distinguish: '� for example, (Dabscheck, 1986b).

• The reference list should be arranged in alphabetical order by the first author. The full reference in the reference list will be:

  • For books: Fait, R.C., (1984). Specification, Estimation and Analysis of Macroeconomic Models, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.

  • For articles within books: Mehra, Y.P. (1994). Wage Growth and the Inflation Process: An empirical Approach. In B.B. Rao (Ed.) Cointegration for the Applied Economist ( pp. 147-159). Basingstoke: Macmillan Press.

  • For articles in journals: Verhoef, P. (2003). Understanding the effect of customer relationship management efforts on customer retention and customer share development. Journal of Marketing. (October), Vol.67, 30-45

  • Journal Article with DOI: Paivio, A. (1975). Perceptual comparisons through the mind's eye. Memory & Cognition, 3, 635-647. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

  • Journal Article without DOI (when DOI is not available): Becker, L. J., & Seligman, C. (1981). Welcome to the energy crisis. Journal of Social Issues, 37(2), 1-7.

  • Hamfi, A. G. (1981). The funny nature of dogs. E-journal of Applied Psychology, 2(2), 38-48. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/fdo
     

Quotations

• Quotations of four lines or more should be indented and typed in single space. Shorter quotations should be included in the body of the text.

Mathematical notations

• Mathematical notations should be clearly typed and all equations should be numbered. Check the layout of mathematical expressions especially alignment, centring, length of fraction lines and type, position and closure of brackets. Footnotes, which should be kept to a minimum, and should be numbered serially and included at the end of the article in double spaced typing.
  
  

Acceptance of Paper

• When a paper is accepted for publication author must submit a soft copy of the final version. Responsibility for the content of articles and communications, also for possible infringements of copyrights, remains entirely with the author(s) concerned.

• Upon acceptance of a paper, the author(s) deemed to have transferred the copyright of the article to the '-The Journal of Commerce and Business Studies', Department of Commerce, University of Delhi.

• The manuscript finally accepted for publication should be sent to 'The Editor, Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi- 110007, India

• A copy of the journal will be sent free of cost to each author.

Copyright

• Copyright of all accepted papers will vest with the Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi- 110007, India. Permission to make digital/ hard copy of published work is granted without fee for personal or classroom use, otherwise a special permission is required to be obtained from the department.

• Wherever copyrighted material is used, the authors should be accurate in reproduction and obtain permission from copyright holders, if necessary. Articles published in this Journal should not be reproduced or reprinted in any form, either in full or in part, without prior written permission from the Editor.

PUBLICATION ETHICS, INTEGRITY AND COMPLIANCE POLICY

1. Preamble

The Journal of Commerce & Business Studies (JCBS) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics, research integrity, transparency, accountability, and scholarly excellence. The Journal seeks to ensure that all published research contributes meaningfully to academic knowledge while adhering to recognized ethical standards.

JCBS follows internationally accepted principles of ethical publishing and is guided by the Core Practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Authors, reviewers, editors, editorial board members, and all participants in the publication process are expected to uphold these principles and maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.

The Journal does not tolerate research misconduct, publication malpractice, unethical behaviour, or any activity that compromises academic integrity.

2. Research Ethics Policy

2.1 Originality and Authenticity

Authors must submit only original and unpublished work. Manuscripts submitted to JCBS must not have been published previously, nor be under consideration by any other journal, conference proceedings, edited volume, or publication outlet.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that:

• The manuscript is their original scholarly work.

• All sources have been properly cited and acknowledged.

• Data, findings, and interpretations are reported honestly and accurately.

• Appropriate permissions have been obtained for copyrighted materials.

• The work does not infringe intellectual property rights.

2.2 Research Integrity

Authors shall ensure that research is conducted and reported responsibly.

The following practices are strictly prohibited:

• Data fabrication.

• Data falsification.

• Manipulation of empirical findings.

• Selective reporting of results.

• Misrepresentation of research methods.

• Citation manipulation.

• Suppression of contradictory evidence.

• Deliberate misinterpretation of findings.

2.3 Human Participants and Ethical Approval

Research involving human participants, surveys, interviews, focus groups, observations, experiments, or personal data should comply with applicable ethical standards.

Authors must disclose:

• Ethical approvals obtained.

• Institutional Review Board approvals, where applicable.

• Informed consent procedures.

• Data protection measures.

The Journal may request supporting documentation during the review process.

2.4 Data Availability and Reproducibility

Authors should maintain accurate research records and preserve supporting datasets wherever feasible.

The Journal encourages transparency and reproducibility by requesting authors to:

• Retain original research data.

• Make supporting materials available upon reasonable request.

• Clearly explain data sources and methodologies.

• Disclose any limitations affecting reproducibility.

3. Authorship and Contributorship Policy

Authorship should be restricted to individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the work.

Authors must have contributed significantly to one or more of the following:

• Research conception and design.

• Data collection.

• Data analysis and interpretation.

• Drafting of the manuscript.

• Critical revision of intellectual content.

• Approval of the final version.

All authors must approve the manuscript before submission.

The following are unacceptable:

• Gift authorship.

• Honorary authorship.

• Guest authorship.

• Ghost authorship.

Requests for authorship changes after submission shall require written consent from all authors and approval of the Editor-in-Chief.

4. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Disclosure Policy

4.1 Responsible Use of AI

JCBS recognizes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools may assist researchers in language editing, coding support, data organization, and related scholarly activities.

Transparency regarding such use is mandatory.

Authors must disclose any significant use of:

• Generative AI tools.

• Large Language Models (LLMs).

• Machine-learning systems.

• Automated content-generation technologies.

4.2 Mandatory Disclosure

Authors shall disclose:

• Name of the AI tool.

• Purpose of use.

• Extent of use.

• Sections affected.

Such disclosure should be included in a dedicated "AI Disclosure Statement" within the manuscript.

4.3 AI Cannot Be an Author

Artificial Intelligence systems cannot be listed as authors because they cannot:

• Take responsibility for published content.

• Assume accountability.

• Manage conflicts of interest.

• Hold copyright.

Human authors remain fully responsible for all submitted content.

4.4 Prohibited Uses of AI

The following are strictly prohibited:

• Fabrication of research data.

• Creation of fictitious references.

• Manipulation of results.

• Generation of misleading tables or figures.

• Concealment of AI-generated content.

• Undisclosed AI-assisted writing.

Failure to disclose significant AI use may result in rejection, correction, retraction, or other editorial action.

5. Plagiarism Policy

5.1 Plagiarism Screening

All submissions undergo plagiarism screening prior to peer review.

The Journal uses recognized plagiarism-detection software and editorial scrutiny to assess originality.

5.2 Forms of Plagiarism

The Journal considers the following unethical:

• Direct plagiarism.

• Mosaic plagiarism.

• Self-plagiarism.

• Duplicate publication.

• Translation plagiarism.

• Data plagiarism.

• Figure and image plagiarism.

5.3 Similarity Assessment

Similarity reports are evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.

As a general guideline:

• Up to 10% similarity – acceptable subject to editorial review.

• 10%–30% similarity – revision may be required.

• Above 30% similarity – may result in rejection.

The Editorial Board reserves the right to assess the nature and significance of overlapping material rather than relying solely on similarity percentages.

5.4 Post-Publication Discovery

Where plagiarism is identified after publication, the Journal may issue:

• Corrections.

• Expressions of Concern.

• Retractions.

• Editorial Notices.

depending upon the severity of the violation.

6. Community Standards and Scholarly Conduct

JCBS promotes a scholarly environment founded on:

• Respect.

• Integrity.

• Academic freedom.

• Diversity of viewpoints.

• Responsible debate.

• Professional conduct.

The Journal expects all participants to engage respectfully and constructively.

The following conduct is unacceptable:

• Harassment.

• Discrimination.

• Personal attacks.

• Intimidation.

• Defamatory statements.

• Academic bullying.

• Manipulation of editorial processes.

The Journal is committed to fair treatment regardless of nationality, gender, religion, ethnicity, institutional affiliation, age, disability, or academic background.

7. Conflict of Interest Policy

7.1 Author Disclosure

Authors must disclose any financial, professional, institutional, personal, or other relationships that may influence their research.

Examples include:

• Research grants.

• Consultancy engagements.

• Employment relationships.

• Equity ownership.

• Advisory positions.

• Sponsored research.

7.2 Reviewer Disclosure

Reviewers shall decline review assignments where conflicts may compromise objectivity.

Potential conflicts include:

• Personal relationships.

• Collaborative relationships.

• Institutional affiliations.

• Financial interests.

• Academic competition.

7.3 Editorial Disclosure

Editors shall recuse themselves from handling manuscripts where actual or perceived conflicts of interest exist.

Alternative editorial oversight may be assigned where necessary.

8. Peer Review Integrity

JCBS follows a blind peer-review process.

Reviewers are expected to:

• Maintain confidentiality.

• Provide objective evaluations.

• Avoid personal criticism.

• Identify relevant literature.

• Declare conflicts of interest.

• Report ethical concerns.

Reviewers shall not use unpublished information for personal advantage.

9. Complaints and Appeals

Authors may appeal editorial decisions by submitting a written explanation supported by evidence.

Appeals shall be reviewed independently by the Editor-in-Chief or an appropriately designated editorial authority.

The Journal will ensure impartial and fair consideration of all appeals.

10. Corrections, Retractions and Post-Publication Issues

Where significant errors or ethical concerns are identified after publication, the Journal may publish:

• Corrections.

• Corrigenda.

• Expressions of Concern.

• Retractions.

• Editorial Statements.

The objective is to preserve the integrity and reliability of the scholarly record.

11. Allegations of Misconduct

The Journal will investigate allegations relating to:

• Plagiarism.

• Data fabrication.

• Data falsification.

• Authorship disputes.

• Citation manipulation.

• Peer-review manipulation.

• Undisclosed conflicts of interest.

Investigations shall be conducted confidentially, fairly, and objectively.

Where necessary, institutions, employers, funding agencies, or other relevant bodies may be informed.

12. Intellectual Property and Copyright

Authors are responsible for obtaining permissions for copyrighted materials.

Submission of a manuscript implies that authors possess the necessary rights to publish all included content.

Authors remain responsible for any copyright violations discovered before or after publication.

13. Policy Review

This policy shall be reviewed periodically to ensure alignment with evolving publication ethics standards, technological developments, regulatory requirements, and the latest guidance issued by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

The Journal reserves the right to update, revise, or modify these policies whenever necessary to maintain the highest standards of academic publishing.

• The Journal has a stringent anti plagiarism policy with a rigorous review process.

• The acceptance rate of the Journal has been 0.32 so far.

• Two or more referees review all contributions by following the 'double blind' system.

• The Journal reserves the right to make editorial amendments to the final draft of the manuscript to suit the Journal's requirements.

• The review process usually takes about three months.

Doctor  Authors may submit their manuscripts for possible publication in the Journal using Manuscript Submission Link.

For futher details or queries, please mail us at commercejournal.dse@commerce.du.ac.in